 Timeline Bar browser
The idea of using timeline bar for video is not new and can be found
in most video player software, but this simple bar is a very important element in keyframe browsing
as well, because it provides temporal orientation by showing current point of browsing in relation
to the whole video. Not only as a time indicator, the bar in this browser allows random access
to the keyframes by allowing clicking on the bar. |
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Quick Bar browser 
This browser saves tedius and continuous clickings that Timeline Bar
browser above requires. One sweep of the mouse and you've seen all the keyframes in the video. Much finer
control and continuous, immediate response from the system is what 'direct manipulation' is
about. Browsing task is less of an 'act-and-react' of disjointed interaction, and becomes
more natural and paced on the user. Many video games are fun basically because of this kind of
immediate reaction as s/he steers the character in the virtual space.
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 Scroll Bar browser
The first version of Físchlár had only
this browser - all the keyframes on one long page, taking ages to scroll down.
But scroll bar is a very versatle controller: clicking arrow moves the page by each row of
keyframes, clicking on the empty bar jumps the page by screenful, and dragging the square
object provides immediate and continuous movement of keyframes thus allowing finer and more
pleasant experience.
Other than slow-loading problem (which is a technical problem I am not much concerned),
time-distortion is the problem with scroll bar -
our shot boundary detection might have detected much more shots in the beginning part than
the end part, producing much more keyframes in the beginning part, thus e.g. the middle of
the long page doesn't acurately represent the middle of the video (timeline bar does). |
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Overview/Detail browser 
Taking in the idea of "Overview first, zoom and filter, then
details on demand", this browser's initial screen shows smaller size keyframes selected from
whole through the video - this provides rough idea on what the video is about. Double-layered
timeline bar at the top can be clicked to navigate between segments.
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 Overview/Detail + Quick Bar browser
This browser is a combination of Overview/Detail browser and
Quick Bar browser. Basically same idea as Overview/Detail browser, but moving into detail
view is done by option button. Once in detail view, Quick Bar is used for immediate system
reaction and finer control in browsing. A reasonable arrangement.
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Slide Show browser 
This browser flips through all keyframes in a single slot.
Temporally presenting keyframes (rather than spatially) saves screen space considerably, thus
useful to be used in small devices. People with more dynamic interaction preference may
also like this browser. It is important to provide some form of temporal orientation
in this kind of temporal presentation, in this case timeline bar is used.
Others called this presentation as "keyframe-based playback (Maryland HCIL)",
"moving icon (WebSEEk)", "timed playback of keyframes" or "dynamic thumbnail", etc.
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 Dynamic Overview browser
This browser combines Slide Show and Overview idea - initially an overview page is
displayed, and when mouse is over one of the keyframes it Slide Shows detail keyframes within
that keyframe. It uses small yellow points to indicate current point of the viewed keyframe.
No change from a page to another is needed, while still full list of keyframes viewable.
Combining spatial and temporal presentation resulted in this novel browser. |
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Hierarchical browser 
Hierarchical video browsing interface was first suggested by Apple as "hierarchical video
magnifier", later addressed in CAETI
Internet Library (Princeton University) and interactive version implemented in SWIM system
(KRDL, Singapore). Although this method of hierarchical keyframe browsing is mentioned
quite often in literature, it is difficult to find any real working example anywhere.
The browser allows break-down display of keyframes in highly interactive way
(i.e. quick response) and worth a good consideration.
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